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E340 — Potassium phosphates
Why it’s used
Potassium phosphates (mono-, di-, and tripotassium forms) act as buffering/acidity-regulating agents, emulsifying salts, and sequestrants. They help stabilize processed cheese, control pH and texture in processed meats and dairy powders, and are used as electrolyte sources in sports drinks.
Other names
Monopotassium phosphate, Dipotassium phosphate, Tripotassium phosphate, Potassium orthophosphates
Diet flags
Vegan, passesVegetarian, passes
Regulatory status
USA — Allowed
Dipotassium phosphate is GRAS under 21 CFR 182.6285; mono- and tripotassium phosphate are GRAS through Select Committee on GRAS Substances affirmations, all usable at good manufacturing practice levels. Source (2026-07-23)
EU — Restricted
Authorised under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, Annex II, as part of the phosphates group (E 338–341, E 343, E 450–452), with maximum permitted levels set by food category rather than an open allowance. Source (2026-07-23)
Regulatory status by region
FDA's GRAS status carries no specific numeric usage cap beyond GMP, unlike the EU's per-category maximum permitted levels.
Following EFSA's 2019 re-evaluation, the EU applies a group ADI of 40 mg/kg body weight/day (as phosphorus) across the phosphates family and sets explicit maximum levels per food category under Annex II, a more prescriptive numeric-limit regime than the US GMP-only standard.
Found in these products
1 product in our database contains E340.